Spruce resin is a very thick, liquid organic mixture (almost solid) containing essential oils (turpentine) and resin acids. It is produced in the special glands of the tree and is then excreted in the resin canals. It's main purposes are to protect the tree, heal it's wounds which are caused by external influences or animals (wind, hail, insects, rodents, etc.), and to prevent drainage of the tree. Healing effects of spruce resin are well known all around the globe for centuries. Remedies from spruce resin are used in traditional folk medicine to treat a wide variety of pathological symptoms, particularly for healing wounds, ulcers, inflammations and other injuries on the skin. Most European records on the use of spruce resin ointment can be found in the Scandinavian countries. A homemade ointment from spruce resin and unsalted butter, which is used for healing wounds and ulcers, is even today very popular in Finland.

More about spruce resin in folk medicine (alternative medicine)

Scientific research and articles about spruce resin

Calendula (pot marigold) macerate in olive oil is, next to spruce resin, one of the important components of the ointment. It works great against inflammations and it has also been proven that it accelerates wound healing and significantly inhibits the growth of microorganisms (antiseptic). Marigold extracts has been known and used for a long time, among other by ancient Greeks, Romans, Arabs and Indian tribes.

Common yarrow macerate in olive oil or the Achillea millefolium, is native to Europe and naturalized to the temperate regions of North America. Yarrow plants have been used for the treatment of external skin wounds for since as far back as at least the ancient Greeks. The yarrow herb has been used, and is reputedly very effective, for helping to heal bruises, burns, cuts, swelling, ulcers and wounds on the skin or body surface. In addition, yarrow helps to deal with hemorrhoids.

Beeswax is a natural animal wax made by bees, who use it to construct the honeycombs in their hives. It usually ranges from pale-yellow to yellow-brown color (it depends on the amount of coloring agents that came from pollen). The main ingredients are esters of saturated fatty acids with monovalent aliphatic alcohols, containing aromatic substances, some minerals and a significant portion of vitamin A. Beeswax gives the skin softness, elasticity, moisture and protections against illnesses. In the pharmaceutical and cosmetics it is often used as a component of various ointments, creams, soaps, makeup, patches and other preparations.
(Added only into ointment)

Bisabolol has great anti-irritant and anti-inflammatory properties, which makes it a natural ingredient to use in skincare products. It also contains anti-bacterial as well as anti-fungal properties. Bisabolol itself is a clear, colorless to slightly yellowish liquid, with a faint, floral, sweetish odor. Bisabolol is obtained from the Chamomile plant and is also a superb ingredient to use to soothe irritated skin.

Vitamin E (natural Tocopherol) Vitamin E has been a hotly discussed topic in skincare for some times, but scientific proof leaves no room for discussion and it has been unquestionably proven to assist the skin in various ways. Studies show us that it has very specific benefits to the skin: It protects the skin from environmental pollution, it has a protecting action against UV radiation, it is an excellent moisturizer, it contains powerful anti-inflammatory action and it has excellent wound healing properties.

Olive oil is obtained by grinding olives and extracting the oil. It's healing properties are well known throughout history, Homer from ancient Greece called it "liquid gold". Antioxidants that are present in olive oil, prevent damage to cells by binding free radicals and reducing the possibility of cells mutation. Olive oil is an excellent moistening agent for the skin and it also contains a lot of calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin B. It has been proven that it has a strong antibacterial properties and that it protects the skin against the effects of skin damage after exposure to the sun's UVB rays.

Vegetable vaseline (olus oil), is a mixture of triglycerides from vegetable origin produced according to a unique patented formulation from palm and coconut and is a vegetable substitute to petrolatum. It has remarkable stability against oxidation and has beneficial effect on the skin. Olus oil moisturize and soothe the skin and makes it more soft.
(Added only into ointment)

Almond oil je is used to soften the skin and to promote a clear, young looking complexion. It is a greatly nourishing and protecting oil and is ideal for chapped and irritated skin. Sweet almond oil is obtained from the dried kernels of the almond tree. It also helps to balance the loss and absorption of moisture.

Jojoba oil je has some amazing properties and is suitable for all skin types and penetrates the skin readily. The structure of jojoba oil closely resembles that of your own skin sebum, and because of this it has a natural affinity to the skin, and is readily absorbed without making the skin feel greasy or tacky nor does it clog the pores. It has exceptional skin-softening properties, prevent dehydration of the skin and does not aggravate acne.

Shea butter also known as karite butter, is a cream-colored fatty substance made from the nuts of karite nut trees. It is a particularly effective moisturizer because contains so many fatty acids, which are needed to retain skin moisture and elasticity. Shea butter protects the skin from both environmental and free-radical damage. It contains vitamins A and E, and has demonstrated both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
(Added only into ointment)